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Objective: To observe the effects of different frequencies of pricking-bloodletting at auricular points plus auricular point sticking therapy on the levels of the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), testosterone (T), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in patients with acne vulgaris (AV). Methods: Ninety patients with AV were randomly assigned to treatment group 1, treatment group 2, and treatment group 3 according to the random number remainder grouping method, with 30 cases in each group. All three groups received pricking-bloodletting at auricular points plus auricular point sticking therapy. Treatment group 1 was treated once a week, treatment group 2 was treated twice a week, and treatment group 3 was treated 3 times a week. Four-week treatment was taken as 1 treatment course, and 3 treatment courses were observed. On the day before the start of the study and on the day next to the end of each course, the global acne grading system (GAGS) score was recorded, and 3 mL of blood from the median cubital vein was collected to test the serum levels of IgG, IgM, T, and IGF-1. After 3 courses of treatment, the efficacy index was calculated according to the GAGS score, and the serum indicators in patients with effective treatment (efficacy index ≥20％) and complete sampling were analyzed. Results: A total of 60 patients were included in the final blood indicator analysis. After 3 courses of treatment, the intra-group comparisons showed that the serum IgG level increased significantly in patients in treatment group 1 (P<0.01); the serum T level decreased significantly in the female patients in treatment group 2 (P<0.05); the IGF-1 level significantly decreased in the patients in all three groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the serum levels of IgG, IgM, T, and IGF-1 among the three groups at each time point (P>0.05). Conclusion: Pricking-bloodletting at auricular points plus auricular point sticking therapy can affect the levels of serum IgG, T, and IGF-1 in AV patients. The level of the serum IGF-1 can be reduced by treatment once a week, twice a week, or 3 times a week. Treatment once a week can increase the patients' serum IgG level, and treatment twice a week can significantly decrease the serum T level in female patients. Reducing the serum IGF-1 level may be one of the action mechanisms of pricking-bloodletting at auricular points plus auricular point sticking therapy in treating AV.
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The indication of bloodletting therapy was determined based on the multi-dimensional evidence assessment, which could provide guidance for the clinical application of bloodletting therapy. The literature of bloodletting therapy was comprehensively collected by retrieval in CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases (until February 23, 2019), modern books in Library of Tianjing University of TCM and the (Fifth Edition). The disease spectrum of bloodletting therapy was determined by self-designed questionnaire survey e-mailed to relevant experts. The indication of bloodletting therapy was determined by Delphi expert meeting. As a result, 746 pieces of ancient literature and 32 775 modern literature were included. The indications of bloodletting therapy based on the multi-dimensional evidence assessment include herpes zoster, acne, acute tonsillitis, vascular headache, varicose veins of lower extremities, acute lumbar sprain, early erysipelas, wheat swelling, exogenous fever of children, stroke, which are mainly the syndromes of blood stasis, toxin, excess and heat.
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Humans , Bloodletting , Medicine, Chinese TraditionalABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of bloodletting acupuncture at twelve -well points of hand on microcirculatory disturbance in mice with traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to explore the protective effect of bloodletting therapy on TBI.@*METHODS@#Sixty clean adult male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a sham-operation group, a model group and a treatment group, 20 mice in each group. The TBI model was established by using electronic controlled cerebral cortex impact instrument in the model group and the treatment group. The mice in the treatment group were treated with bloodletting acupuncture at bilateral "Shaoshang" (LU 11), "Shangyang" (LI 1), "Zhongchong" (PC 9), "Guanchong" (TE 1), "Shaochong" (HT 9) and "Shaoze" (SI 1) immediately after trauma. The mice in the sham-operation group only opened the bone window but did not receive the strike. The regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was monitored by laser speckle contrast analysis (LASCA) using a PeriCam PSI System before trauma, immediately after trauma and 1, 2, 12, 24, 48, 72 h after trauma. The brain water content was measured by wet-dry weight method 24 h after trauma. The severity of functional impairment at 2, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after trauma was evaluated by modified neurological scale scores (mNSS).@*RESULTS@#① 2 h after trauma, the mNSS in the model group and treatment group were >7 points, suggesting the successful establishment of model; compared with the sham-operation group, the mNSS was increased significantly from 12 to 72 h after trauma in the model group ( all <0.01), but the mNSS in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the model group from 2 to 24 h after trauma (<0.01, <0.05). ② Compared with the sham-operation group, rCBF in the model group was decreased significantly immediately after trauma (<0.01), and the rCBF in the model group was lower than that in the sham-operation group from 1 to 72 h after trauma ( all <0.01); rCBF in the treatment group began to rise and was significantly higher than that in the model group 1-2 h after trauma (<0.01); 12-48 h after trauma, the increasing of rCBF in the two groups tended to be gentle until 72 h after injury, and rCBF in the model group was decreased while that in the treatment group continued to rise and was higher than that in the model group (<0.01). ③ 24 h after trauma, the brain water content in the model group was significantly higher than that in the sham-operation group (<0.01), and brain water content in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the model group (<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The bloodletting acupuncture at twelve -well points of hand could improve microcirculation disturbance, increase microcirculation perfusion, alleviate secondary brain edema and promote the recovery of nerve function in mice with TBI.
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Animals , Male , Mice , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Bloodletting , Brain Injuries, Traumatic , Therapeutics , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Microcirculation , Random AllocationABSTRACT
Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of auricular point pricking-bloodletting plus auricular point sticking therapy for acne vulgaris. Methods: A total of 66 patients with acne vulgaris were randomized into an observation group and a control group by the random number table, with 33 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with auricular point pricking-bloodletting plus auricular point sticking therapy, and the control group was treated only with auricular point sticking therapy. The treatments of both groups were performed twice a week, 4 weeks as a course of treatment, for 3 courses in total. The scores of skin lesions and dermatology life quality index (DLQI) scores were recorded before and after treatment to assess the clinical efficacy. Results: During the trial, there were 3 cases of drop-out both in the observation group and the control group. After 3 courses of treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 96.7％, while that of the control group was 76.7％. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The intra-group comparison showed that the scores of skin lesion and DLQI were both decreased with the increase of treatment times, that was, the scores were lower than those at the previous time point (allP<0.05). After 1, 2, and 3 courses of treatment, the scores of skin lesion and DLQI of both groups were statistically different from those of the same group before treatment (allP<0.05). At every time point during the treatment, the scores of skin lesion and DLQI of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Auricular point pricking-bloodletting plus auricular point sticking has a better curative effect than auricular point sticking therapy alone in the treatment of acne vulgaris, and has a time-effect correlation.
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Objective To observe the effect of bloodletting at Jing-well points on the recovery of cognitive function and prognosis in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment. Method One hundred patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment were enrolled and divided by the random number table into two groups, with 51 cases in the observation group and 49 cases in the control group. The control group was intervened by conventional treatment, while the observation group was additionally given bloodletting at Jing-well points. The two groups were observed and compared in terms of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Barthel Index (BI), and the plasma cortisol level before and after treatment. The therapeutic efficacy and occurrence rate of adverse reactions of the two groups were also compared. Result After treatment, the MMSE, MoCA and BI scores all increased in the two groups, but the scores of MMSE, MoCA and BI in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 94.1％ in the observation group, higher than 71.4％ in the control group (P<0.05). The plasma cortisol level dropped after treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the level in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The occurrence rate of adverse reactions was 7.8％ in the observation group, lower than 22.4％ in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Bloodletting at Jing-well points as assistant can effectively improve the mental state, cognitive function and activities of daily living, and to some extent reduce the happening of adverse reactions in the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairment.
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Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of meridian skin region drainage therapy for nerve root type of cervical spondylosis by comparing to the conventional acupuncture. Methods A total of 84 cases of cervical spondylosis were randomly divided into acupuncture group and drainage group,42 cases in each group. The drainage group was given meridian skin region drainage therapy including skin scraping, bloodletting combining with I-shaped acupuncture (acupuncture on Fengchi penetrating Fengfu,C3-C6 spinous process, Dazhui, Jianzhongshu, Jianwaishu), once a day. The acupuncture group was given conventional acupuncture mainly on Ashi points, cervical Jiaji acupoints, combining with Tianzhu, Dazhui, and Houxi, once a day. Seven times constituted one treatment course and the treatment for the two groups lasted 3 courses. During the treatment,time for the relief of the primary symptoms and signs of the two groups was observed,and pain index was evaluated with Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). After treatment , the total clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated,and the recurrence rate was investigated during the follow-up. Results(1)The total clinical efficacy of the drainage group was 95.2％ and that of the acupuncture group was 83.3％, and there were significant differences between the two groups(P < 0.05).(2)During the treatment,time for the relief of tenderness, time for the relief of pain, and time for the improvement of range of motion in the drainage group were much shorter than those in the acupuncture group (P<0.01). (3)After treatment,VAS scores of the two groups were decreased(P<0.01 compared with those before treatment),and the decrease in the drainage group was superior to that in the acupuncture group(P < 0.05).(4)The 2-month follow-up showed that the recurrence rate of the drainage group was 17.6％,and that of the acupuncture group was 38.1％,the difference being significant (P<0.05).(5)During the treatment,no obvious adverse event occurred in the two groups. Conclusion Meridian skin region drainage therapy exerts certain therapeutic effect for nerve root type of cervical spondylosis.
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Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus bloodletting therapy in treating insomnia in people with blood stasis constitution. Methods: Seventy-two patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group by using the random number table, 36 cases each. The treatment group received acupuncture plus bloodletting therapy, while the control group was intervened by oral administration of estazolam. One-week treatment was taken as a course, for 3 successive courses in total. A follow-up study was conducted 3 months later. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was evaluated before and after the intervention, as well as in the follow-up. The clinical efficacies were also compared. Results: The total effective rate was 88.9% in the treatment group versus 83.3% in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After the intervention, the PSQI scores dropped significantly in both groups (both P<0.05); the between-group difference in PSQI score was statistically significant (P<0.05). The follow-up study showed that the between-group difference in the global score of PSQI was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture plus bloodletting therapy can produce a more significant efficacy than oral administration of estazolam in treating insomnia in people with blood stasis constitution.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of plum blossom needle plus oral administration of Xiao Luo Li Wan in treating nodular prurigo. Method Seventy patients with nodular prurigo were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 35 cases each. The control group was intervened by oral administration of Cetirizine hydrochloride tablets and external use of Mometasone furoate cream, while the treatment group was additionally treated with plum blossom needle plus orally taking Xiao Luo Li Wan. After 8-week treatment, the clinical efficacies of the two groups were observed and compared. Result The total effective rate was 91.4％ in the treatment group versus 62.9％in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion Plum blossom needle plus oral administration of Xiao Luo Li Wan can produce a significant efficacy in treating nodular prurigo.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Dong's extra-point pricking bloodletting therapy for female chloasma of liver depression and qi stagnation type. Methods One hundred and twenty female patients with chloasma of liver depression and qi stagnation type were randomized to treatment and control groups, 60 cases each. The control group received Dong's extra-point pricking bloodletting therapy and the treatment group, conventional acupuncture. The symptom and sign score was recorded in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups. Results The total efficacy rate was 95.5％ in the treatment group and 81.7％ in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The pre-/post-treatment symptom and sign score difference value was (0.98±0.23) in the treatment group and (0.81±0.18) in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Dong's extra-point pricking bloodletting therapy is an effective way to treat female chloasma of liver depression and qi stagnation type.
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Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of point Shixuan(Ex-UE11) bloodletting on blood viscosity, and pain and numbness in patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. Method One hundred patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy were randomized to treatment and control groups. Both groups received conventional acupuncture at Huatuo jiaji(Ex-B2) points. The treatment group received bloodletting therapy in addition. Pain and numbness severity and blood viscosity were recorded before and after treatment. The data were analyzed statistically. Result The pain and numbness, and blood viscosity were improved in both groups of patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, but there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P<0.01). Conclusion Bloodletting therapy can improve not only the pain and numbness but also blood viscosity in cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. There is a certain correlation between the two.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of collateral-pricking bloodletting therapy plusXiao Feng San in treating chronic urticaria due to blood deficiency and wind dryness.Method A total of 150 patients with chronic urticaria due to blood deficiency and wind dryness were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 75 cases each. The treatment group was intervened by collateral-pricking bloodletting plus oral administration ofXiao Feng San, while the control group was intervened by oral administration ofXiao Feng San alone. Before and after 4-week treatment, the serum indexes [immunoglobulin E (IgE), eosinophil count, C3, C4, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4] of the two groups were observed, and the clinical efficacies were also compared.Result The total effective rate and markedly effective rate were respectively 100.0％ and 86.7％ in the treatment group versus 80.0％ and 52.0％ in the control group, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (P<0.05,P<0.01). After the treatment, the serum indexes were significantly changed in the treatment group (P<0.05). The levels of IgE, eosinophil count, IL-2 and IL-4 were significantly changed after the treatment in the control group (P<0.05). There were significant differences in comparing the serum indexes between the two groups after the intervention (P<0.05).Conclusion Collateral-pricking bloodletting therapy plusXiao Feng San is an effective method in treating chronic urticarial due to blood deficiency and wind dryness, and it can improve the serum indexes.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of acupuncture therapy of She medicine on cerebral hemodynamics in migraine patients, and to further verify its therapeutic efficacy and preliminarily reveal the action mechanism in treating migraine. Method 120 Eligible subjects were randomized into two groups. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture of She medicine, while the control group was intervened by Western medication, 10 d as a treatment course, for 2 courses in total at a 2-day interval. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) was adopted to observe the average blood flow velocity of cerebral arteries before and after the treatment. Result The total effective rate was 82.8% in the treatment group versus 71.4% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) by rank-sum test. Before the treatment, the abnormity rate of cerebral artery blood flow was 62.8% in the treatment group versus 61.9% in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically insignificant (P>0.05), indicating the comparability; after the treatment, the abnormity rate of cerebral artery blood flow was 25.9% in the treatment group versus 35.3% in the control group, and the between-group was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture of She medicine is effective in treating migraine, and it can significantly improve the cerebral hemodynamics.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of bloodletting plus acupoint sticking in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Method Eighty DPN patients were randomized into a treatment group of 40 cases and a control group of 40 cases. In addition to the basic treatment (general blood glucose control) in both groups, the treatment group was given bloodletting plus acupoint sticking with Chinese medication, while the control group was given oral administration of Mecobalamin tablets. Result The treatment group had a higher total effective rate (92.5%) than the control group (67.5%), and the improvement of nerve conduction velocity in the treatment group was more significant than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Bloodletting plus acupoint sticking is effective in treating DPN.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture of She Medicine in treating acute lumbar sprain.Method Eighty patients with acute lumbar sprain were randomized into a treatment group and a control group,40 cases each.The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture of She medicine,while the control group received conventional medication.After successive 3-day treatment,the changes in Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Modified-Modified Schober (MMS) scores were observed,and the clinical efficacies were compared between the two groups.Result After the intervention,the VAS and MMS scores were significant changed in both groups (P＜0.01).The VAS and MMS scores of the treatment group were significantly different from those of the control group after the intervention (P＜0.01).The total effective rate and recovery rate were respectively 92.5％ and 70.0％ in the treatment group,versus 77.5％ and 40.0％ in the control group,and the between-group differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01).Conclusion Acupuncture of She medicine is effective in treating acute lumbar sprain,with advantages of swift action in releasing symptoms and high recovery rate.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of moving cupping in the anterior cervical region plus bloodletting in treating acute pharyngitis.Method Thirty-six patients with acute pharyngitis were randomized into two groups, 18 cases each. The treatment group was intervened by moving cupping in the anterior cervical region plus bloodletting at Tiantu (CV22), and the control group was intervened by oral administration of Pu Di Lanoral liquid. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by using the acute pharyngitis symptoms grading scale, and the adverse reactions in the treatment group were also observed.Result The two treatment methods were both effective, and the between-group difference in comparing the total effective rate was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the treatment group showed a swifter action; pharyngeal pain, dry and burning sensations in pharynx, and mucus congestion were effectively improved, the disease duration was shortened, and there were no adverse reactions in the treatment group.Conclusion Moving cupping in the anterior cervical region plus bloodletting can effectively mitigate the sufferings of the patients with acute pharyngitis without producing any adverse reactions.
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Objective To investigate the efficacy of filiform needle fire acupuncture plus pricking-cupping bloodletting in treating acute ankle sprain in adolescent students.Method One hundred adolescent student outpatients with acute ankle sprainwere randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 50 cases each.The treatment group received filiform needle fire acupuncture plus pricking-cupping bloodletting at the most obviouspart of ankle tenderness once every other day. The control group received routine protection, a rest, ice compress,compressionand affected limb elevation.Swelling severitywas examined and the AOFAS Ankle Hindfoot Scalescore and the VAS score were recorded at study entry, and one, three and five days and two, four and eight weeks after treatment.Result Swelling severityand the ankle pain score improved in both groups after treatment (P<0.05) and the post-treatment score was lower in the treatment group than in the controlgroup(P<0.05). The total efficacy rate was 100% (50/50) in the treatment group, which was higher than 80% (40/50) in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Filiform needle fire acupuncture plus pricking-cupping bloodletting is a better way to treat acute ankle sprain.It can relieve the pain and swelling in short time, shorten treatment time and restore ankle activity in short time to reduce theoccurrence of sequelae.
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Objective To investigate the effect of combined auricular acupuncture therapy on blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients.Method Sixty type 2 diabetic patients were randomly allocated to a treatment and a control group, 30 cases each. The control group was intervened by conventional medication, while the treatment group by combined ear point therapy (ear point massage, bloodletting and seed embedding) in addition to the intervention given to the control group. After 3 months treatment, fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin were measured in the two groups before and after treatment.Results There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the indicators (fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin) in the treatment group (P<0.01). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the indicators between the treatment and control group (P<0.01).Conclusions Combined auricular acupuncture therapy is an effective way to treat type 2 diabetes. It has a better hypoglycemic effect.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of bloodletting cupping plus Chinese medication in treating acne vulgaris due to wind-heat invading Lung Meridian.Method Sixty-six patients with acne vulgaris due to wind-heat invading Lung Meridian were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 33 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by bloodletting cupping at Dazhui (GV 14) and Feishu (BL 13) plus Chinese medication; the control group was intervened by Chinese medication alone. The treatment was given 4 weeks sessions as a treatment course, for a total of 3 courses. The clinical efficacy and relapse rate were compared between the two groups.Result The total effective rate was 74.2% in the treatment group versus 96.9% in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P0.05); 6 months after the intervention, the relapse rate was 18.8% in the treatment group versus 45.2% in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Bloodletting cupping plus Chinese medication can produce a more significant efficacy than Chinese medication alone in treating acne vulgaris, with a low long-term relapse rate and fewer adverse effects.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of collaterals bloodletting in treating simple lower-limb varicose veins.Method Eighty-four patients with simple lower-limb varicose veins were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 42 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by elastic stockings, while the treatment group was intervened by collaterals bloodletting in addition to the treatment given to the control group. The clinical efficacies were compared after 10-week treatment.Result The total effective rate was 100.0% in the treatment group versus 80.3% in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Collaterals bloodletting is an effective method in treating simple lower-limb varicose veins.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of stage treatment withTiao He Ying Wei(regulating Ying-nutritional and Wei-defensive qi) needling in treating insomnia.Method A hundred insomnia patients presenting difficulty falling asleep were randomized into group A1 and B1, 50 cases each; 100 insomnia patients presenting difficulty maintaining sleep were randomized into group A2 and B2, 50 cases in each group; 100 insomnia patients presenting early-morning awakening were randomized into group A3 and B3, 50 cases each. Group A1, A2 and A3 were treated withTiao He Ying Wei needling, while group B1, B2 and B3 were treated with conventional medication. The Symptoms score and cerebral blood flow indicators were observed before and after the intervention.Result After the treatment, the symptoms scores were significantly changed in each group (P<0.05). The improvement of symptoms score in group A1 was superior to that in group B1 (P<0.05); the improvement of symptoms score in group A2 was superior to that in group B2 (P<0.05); the improvement of symptoms score in group A3 was superior to that in group B3 (P<0.05). The cerebral blood flow indicators (middle cerebral artery, posterior cerebral artery, anterior cerebral artery, and basilar artery) were significantly changed after the treatment in group A1, A2 and A3 (P<0.05). After the treatment, there were significant differences in comparing the cerebral blood flow indicators between group A1 and B1, A2 and B2, and A3 and B3 (P<0.05).Conclusion Stage treatment withTiao He Ying Wei needling can improve the sleep quality of insomnia patients.